Abstract
A concise and factual abstract is required. The abstract should state briefly the purpose of the research, the principal results and major conclusions. An abstract is often presented separately from the article, so it must be able to stand alone. For this reason, References should be avoided, but if essential, then cite the author(s) and year(s). Also, non-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided, but if essential they must be defined at their first mention in the abstract itself.
摘要：
摘要必须简明扼要。摘要应当简要说明研究的目的，主要成果和重要结论。摘要往往作为文章一个单独部分，所以它必须能够独立。基于这个原因，摘要中应该避免出现引用文献，但是如果必要，也可以引用文献作者和时间。此外，非标准或特殊缩写也应该避免，但是如果必要，缩写必须在文章中的第一次提到时给出定义。
Graphical abstract
A Graphical abstract is optional and should summarize the contents of the paper in a concise, pictorial form designed to capture the attention of a wide readership online. Authors must provide images that clearly represent the work described in the paper. Graphical abstracts should be submitted as a separate file in the online submission system. Maximum image size: 400 × 600 pixels (h × w, recommended size 200 × 500 pixels). Preferred file types: TIFF, EPS, PDF or MS Office files. Seehttp://www.elsevier.com/graphicalabstractsfor examples.
图片摘要：
图片摘要是可选的，应能够简要概括文章的内容，以吸引大量读者在线关注。作者必须提供能够清晰描述文章中的工作的图片。图片摘要应当作为独立文件在网上提交系统提交。最大图像尺寸：400 × 600像素(高×宽，建议大小200 × 500像素)。首选文件类型：TIFF格式，EPS，PDF和MS Office文件。参见http://www.elsevier.com/graphicalabstracts。
Research highlights
Research highlights are a short collection of bullet points that convey the core findings of the article. Research highlights are optional and should be submitted in a separate file in the online submission system. Please use 'Research highlights' in the file name and include 3 to 5 bullet points (maximum 85 characters per bullet point including spaces). Seehttp://www.elsevier.com/researchhighlightsfor examples.
研究重点：
研究重点是文章主要发现和成果的集合，传达文章的核心结论。研究重点是可选项，应当作为单独文件在网上提交系统提交。请使用“Research highlights”作为文件名，包括3至5个要点(最多85个字符，包括空格)。例子参见http://www.elsevier.com/researchhighlights。
Keywords
Immediately after the abstract, provide a maximum of 6 keywords, using American spelling and avoiding general and plural terms and multiple concepts (avoid, for example, "and", "of"). Be sparing with abbreviations: only abbreviations firmly established in the field may be eligible. These keywords will be used for indexing purposes.
关键词：
关键词放在摘要的后面，最多提供6个关键字，使用美式拼写、避免一般性的术语以及歧义(例如，应避免“and，“of)。只有当一个缩写在该领域被广泛接受时，才可以作为关键词。关键词主要用于检索目的。
Abbreviations
Define abbreviations that are not standard in this field in a footnote to be placed on the first page of the article. Such abbreviations that are unavoidable in the abstract must be defined at their first mention there, as well as in the footnote. Ensure consistency of abbreviations throughout the article.
缩写：
如果一个缩写不是这个领域的标准，那么在文章的第一页放置一个脚注。如果摘要中必须要用到一个缩写，必须在该缩写第一次被提到时进行定义。确保缩写在整个文章中的一致性。
Acknowledgements
Collate acknowledgements in a separate section at the end of the article before the references and do not, therefore, include them on the title page, as a footnote to the title or otherwise. List here those individuals who provided help during the research (e.g., providing language help, writing assistance or proof reading the article, etc.).
致谢：
致谢作为一个单独的部分放置在参考文献的前面，而不是放在第一页中，作为标题或以其他方式脚注。在致谢中列出在研究过程中提供帮助的人或单位(如提供语言帮助，写作援助或校对文章等)。
Units
Follow internationally accepted rules and conventions: use the international system of units (SI). If other units are mentioned, please give their equivalent in SI.
单位：
按照国际公认的规则和惯例：使用国际单位制(SI)。如果提到其他单位，请给出他们和SI之间的当量关系。
Nomenclature
Follow internationally accepted rules and conventions: use the international system of units (SI). If other quantities are mentioned, give their equivalent in SI. You are urged to consult IUPAC: Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry:http://www.iupac.org/for further information.
All the 'parameters' cited in the text should be listed, in 'alphabetical order', in a seperate nomenckature section at the beginning of the paper, with their definitions and units. 'Greek symbols', 'subscripts' and 'subscripters' should be sepertly identified. Only 'ISO symbols'
命名：
遵循国际公认的规则和惯例：使用国际单位制(SI)。如果提到其他单位，请给出他们和SI之间的当量关系。您可以咨询IUPAC有关有机化学命名http://www.iupac.org/。所有文章中使用的'参数'应该按照'字母顺序，在文章开头的一个单独的部分中列写出来，包括这些参数的定义和单位。'希腊符号'，'下标''应分别定义。只使用ISO符号。
Math formulae
Present simple formulae in the line of normal text where possible and use the solidus (/) instead of a horizontal line for small fractional terms, e.g., X/Y. In principle, variables are to be presented in italics. Powers of e are often more conveniently denoted by exp. Number consecutively any equations that have to be displayed separately from the text (if referred to explicitly in the text).
数学公式：
尽可能在正常文本中展示公式，并使用斜线/，而不是一个横线，来表示除法，如X /Y。原则上，变量应该采用斜体。指数e应采用exp表示。如果有的公式不能当成文本放置在文字中，应该作为单独一行列写，并进行编号。
Footnotes
Footnotes should be used sparingly. Number them consecutively throughout the article, using superscript Arabic numbers. Many wordprocessors build footnotes into the text, and this feature may be used. Should this not be the case, indicate the position of footnotes in the text and present the footnotes themselves separately at the end of the article. Do not include footnotes in the Reference list.
Table footnotes
Indicate each footnote in a table with a superscript lowercase letter.
脚注：
脚注应谨慎使用。整篇文章的每一页使用大写阿拉伯数字连续进行标注，许多文字处理软件的脚注也是文本格式，这功能可以使用。(大概的意思是每页都要有页码吧，放在每页居中的下方)。如果不是这种情况，在文本中表明脚注的位置，在文章结尾处将脚注分别列写出来。参考文献中不要脚注。
表格中的脚注，每一个表的脚注上标有一个小写字母。
Artwork
Electronic artwork
General points
? Make sure you use uniform lettering and sizing of your original artwork.
? Save text in illustrations as "graphics" or enclose the font.
? Only use the following fonts in your illustrations: Arial, Courier, Times, Symbol.
? Number the illustrations according to their sequence in the text.
? Use a logical naming convention for your artwork files.
? Provide captions to illustrations separately.
? Produce images near to the desired size of the printed version.
? Submit each figure as a separate file.
A detailed guide on electronic artwork is available on our website:
http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions
You are urged to visit this site; some excerpts from the detailed information are given here.
艺术作品(个人认为主要就是文章中的插图)：
?请确保您的艺术作品使用统一的字体和大小。
?图片中的文字和图片一起存成图片格式。
在你的插图使用只适用以下字体：Arial，Courier, Times, Symbol.。
?根据插图其在文章中出现的序列进行编号。
?为您的插图文件给出一个符合逻辑的命名。
?为插图提供一个标题。
?插图的大小要接近的印刷版本所需要求。
?每个插图作为一个单独的文件进行提交
。网站上有一个详细的电子艺术作品指南：http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions
Formats
Regardless of the application used, when your electronic artwork is finalised, please "save as" or convert the images to one of the following formats (note the resolution requirements for line drawings, halftones, and line/halftone combinations given below):
EPS: Vector drawings. Embed the font or save the text as "graphics".
TIFF: color or grayscale photographs (halftones): always use a minimum of 300 dpi.
TIFF: Bitmapped line drawings: use a minimum of 1000 dpi.
TIFF: Combinations bitmapped line/half-tone (color or grayscale): a minimum of 500 dpi is required.
DOC, XLS or PPT: If your electronic artwork is created in any of these Microsoft Office applications please supply "as is".
Please do not:
? Supply embedded graphics in your wordprocessor (spreadsheet, presentation) document;
? Supply files that are optimised for screen use (like GIF, BMP, PICT, WPG); the resolution is too low;
? Supply files that are too low in resolution;
? Submit graphics that are disproportionately large for the content.
l 无论使用什么应用程序，当您的电子艺术品完成后，请“另存为”或转换图像为下列格式之一：
EPS：矢量图。嵌入的文字保存为“图形”。
l TIFF格式：彩色或灰度照片(半色调)：分辨率要求最低300 dpi。
l TIFF格式：位图：分辨率要求最低1000 dpi。
l TIFF格式：点阵组合线/半色调(彩色或灰阶)：分辨率要求最低500 dpi。
l DOC，XLS或PPT：如果您的电子艺术品是由Microsoft Office应用程序创建的，请直接存为该文件格式。
请不要进行如下操作：
l 在文字处理软件的文件中嵌入图片;
l 提供那些基于屏幕显示进行优化的文件如GIF，BMP，PICT，WPG，因为这些文件的分辨率太低
l 文件的分辨率太低
l 提交的图形大的不成比例。
Figure captions
Ensure that each illustration has a caption. Supply captions separately, not attached to the figure. A caption should comprise a brief title (not on the figure itself) and a description of the illustration. Keep text in the illustrations themselves to a minimum but explain all symbols and abbreviations used.
图片标题：
确保每个插图有一个标题。标题和图片分开，而不是将标题放到图片中。标题应包括一个简短精确的名称以及图片的描述。将标题中的文字保持在最低限度，但需要解释标题中的所有的符号和缩写。
Tables
Number tables consecutively in accordance with their appearance in the text. Place footnotes to tables below the table body and indicate them with superscript lowercase letters. Avoid vertical rules. Be sparing in the use of tables and ensure that the data presented in tables do not duplicate results described elsewhere in the article.
表格：
按照表格在文章中出现的次序进行编号。表格下面用小写字母加脚注对表格进行说明。避免文字垂直排列。尽量少用表格，并确保在表内显示的数据不会在文章中其他内容中被重复展示。
References
Citation in text
Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is also present in the reference list (and vice versa). Any references cited in the abstract must be given in full. Unpublished results and personal communications are not recommended in the reference list, but may be mentioned in the text. If these references are included in the reference list they should follow the standard reference style of the journal and should include a substitution of the publication date with either "Unpublished results" or "Personal communication" Citation of a reference as "in press" implies that the item has been accepted for publication.
参考文献：
在文中引用文章必须在文中进行标注，并在参考文献中列写出来。摘要中的参考文献必须全部列写出来。未公布的研究成果及个人通讯不建议在参考文献中列写出来，但可以在文中提及。参考文献应该遵循该刊物标准参考文献的风格，对尚未出版的文章或“个人通信”作为参考文献，标上“in press”意味着该文章已被接受等待发表。
Reference style
Text: Indicate references by number(s) in square brackets in line with the text. The actual authors can be referred to, but the reference number(s) must always be given.
Example: "..... as demonstrated [3,6]. Barnaby and Jones [8] obtained a different result ...."
List: Number the references (numbers in square brackets) in the list in the order in which they appear in the text.
Examples:
Reference to a journal publication:
[1] J. van der Geer, J.A.J. Hanraads, R.A. Lupton, The art of writing a scientific article, J. Sci. Commun. 163 (2000) 51–59.
Reference to a book:
[2] W. Strunk Jr., E.B. White, The Elements of Style, third ed., Macmillan, New York, 1979.
Reference to a chapter in an edited book:
[3] G.R. Mettam, L.B. Adams, How to prepare an electronic version of your article, in: B.S. Jones, R.Z. Smith (Eds.), Introduction to the Electronic Age, E-Publishing Inc., New York, 1999, pp. 281–304.
参考文献的样式：
注明引用的号码(与文章中方括号中的编号相对应)。实际作者可以在文章中提及，参考号码必须给出。例如："..... as demonstrated [3,6]. Barnaby and Jones [8] obtained a different result ...."
按照参考文献在文章中出现的顺序进行编号和排序。
例子：
引用期刊中的文章：
[1] J. van der Geer, J.A.J. Hanraads, R.A. Lupton, The art of writing a scientific article, J. Sci. Commun. 163 (2000) 51–59.
引用书中的内容：
[2] W. Strunk Jr., E.B. White, The Elements of Style, third ed., Macmillan, New York, 1979.
引用书中的某一章节：
[3] G.R. Mettam, L.B. Adams, How to prepare an electronic version of your article, in: B.S. Jones, R.Z. Smith (Eds.), Introduction to the Electronic Age, E-Publishing Inc., New York, 1999, pp. 281–304.
Submission checklist
It is hoped that this list will be useful during the final checking of an article prior to sending it to the journal's Editor for review. Please consult this Guide for Authors for further details of any item.
提交的清单：
希望这个清单将是有益的，在该文章被投稿之前进行最后的检查。你可以咨询指南投稿的任何细节。
Ensure that the following items are present:
One Author designated as corresponding Author:
? E-mail address
? Full postal address
? Telephone and fax numbers
All necessary files have been uploaded
? Keywords
? All figure captions
? All tables (including title, description, footnotes)
Further considerations
? Manuscript has been "spellchecked" and "grammar-checked"
? References are in the correct format for this journal
? All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited in the text, and vice versa
? Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted material from other sources (including the Web)
? Color figures are clearly marked as being intended for color reproduction on the Web (free of charge) and in print or to be reproduced in color on the Web (free of charge) and in black-and-white in print
? If only color on the Web is required, black and white versions of the figures are also supplied for printing purposes
For any further information please visit our customer support site athttp://epsupport.elsevier.com.
确保以下内容存在：
一个作者指定为通讯作者：
?E - mail地址
?完整的邮政地址
?电话和传真号码
?所有必需的文件已被上传
?关键词
?所有插图名称
?所有表(包括名称，描述，脚注)
进一步考虑
?手稿已被“拼写检查”和“语法检查”
?参考文献符合本期刊的正确格式
?在参考文献中中列写了文本中引用的所有文献，反之亦然
?已获得许可版权使用从其他来源(包括网上资料)
?彩色图片被表明被用于在网上(免费)，并以在黑白格式印刷